paper-search-mcp
by openags
MCP, CLI, Skills for searching and downloading academic papers from multiple sources like arXiv, PubMed, bioRxiv, etc.
2,105stars
208forks
Python
Added 12/27/2025
Installation
# Add to your Claude Code skills
git clone https://github.com/openags/paper-search-mcpGetting Started
Guides for using mcp servers skills like paper-search-mcp.
- Best MCP Servers in 2026Category-by-category picks: databases, dev tools, productivity, browser automation.
- What is an AI Skills Marketplace?Definitions, how marketplaces work, and how to choose between them in 2026.
- Getting Started with AI SkillsFirst-time install walkthrough for Claude Code, Codex CLI, and ChatGPT.
Security ReportVerified
Last scanned: 4/29/2026
{
"issues": [],
"status": "PASSED",
"scannedAt": "2026-04-29T06:24:28.293Z",
"semgrepRan": false,
"npmAuditRan": true,
"pipAuditRan": true
}Paper Search MCP
A Model Context Protocol (MCP) server for searching and downloading academic papers from multiple sources. The project follows a free-first strategy: prioritize open and public data sources, support optional API keys when they improve stability or coverage, and keep source-specific connectors extensible for advanced users.
Table of Contents
- Overview
- Project Principles
- Features
- Source Strategy
- Sci-Hub Notice
- Installation
- Contributing
- Demo
- Star History
- License
- TODO
Overview
paper-search-mcp is a Python-based tool for searching and downloading academic papers from various platforms. It provides tools for searching papers, downloading PDFs, and extracting text, making it ideal for researchers and AI-driven workflows. It can be used as an MCP server (for Claude Desktop and other MCP clients) or as a Claude Code skill with a CLI interface.
Project Principles
- Free-First: Public and open sources are the default roadmap. Paid or restricted sources are not the core direction of this project.
- Optional API Keys: API keys are supported only when they improve stability, rate limits, or metadata quality. The MCP should still be usable without them whenever possible.
- LLM-Friendly Retrieval: Search results should be standardized, deduplicated, and as complete as possible for downstream LLM workflows.
- Source Transparency: Different sources have different strengths. The MCP should make those tradeoffs explicit instead of pretending every source supports full-text retrieval.
Features
- Two-Layer Architecture:
- Layer 1 (Unified Tooling): High-level
search_papersfor multi-source concurrent search & deduplication, anddownload_with_fallbackrelying on publisher open access links with sequential fallbacks. - Layer 2 (Platform Connectors): Modular connectors for specific academic platforms (arXiv, PubMed, bioRxiv, Semantic Scholar, etc.) equipped with intelligent DOI extraction via regex text analysis or API fields.
- Layer 1 (Unified Tooling): High-level
- Multi-Source Support: Search and download papers from arXiv, PubMed, bioRxiv, medRxiv, Google Scholar, IACR ePrint Archive, Semantic Scholar, Crossref, OpenAlex, PubMed Central (PMC), CORE, Europe PMC, dblp, OpenAIRE, CiteSeerX, DOAJ, BASE, Zenodo, HAL, SSRN, Unpaywall (DOI lookup), and optional Sci-Hub workflows.
- Standardized Output: Papers are returned in a consistent dictionary format via the
Paperclass. - Free-First Design: Open and public sources are prioritized before any optional commercial or restricted integrations.
- Optional API-Key Enhancement: Sources like Semantic Scholar can work better with a user-provided API key, but are not intended to force paid usage.
- Discovery + Retrieval Workflow: Google Scholar and Crossref can be used for discovery and DOI backfilling, while open repositories and publisher links are used for lawful full-text resolution where available.
- OA-First Fallback Chain:
download_with_fallbacknow follows source-native download → OpenAIRE/CORE/Europe PMC/PMC discovery → Unpaywall DOI resolution → optional Sci-Hub. - MCP Integration: Compatible with MCP clients for LLM context enhancement.
- Extensible Design: Easily add new academic platforms by extending the
academic_platformsmodule.
Source Strategy
The long-term goal is not to depend on a single search engine, but to combine multiple free and public sources with clear roles:
- Open metadata backbone: Crossref, OpenAlex, Semantic Scholar, dblp, CiteSeerX, SSRN, Unpaywall (DOI-centric OA metadata).
- Discipline-specific sources: arXiv, PubMed, PubMed Central, Europe PMC, IACR.
- Open-access full-text sources: arXiv, PMC, CORE, OpenAIRE, DOAJ, BASE, Zenodo, HAL, publisher open-access links.
- Discovery and DOI recovery: Google Scholar can be useful for finding titles, versions, and DOI clues when other public metadata sources are incomplete.
Recommended free-first roadmap:
- Keep current public sources stable.
- Add OpenAlex as a broad free metadata source.
- Add PubMed Central and Europe PMC for stronger biomedical full-text access.
- Add CORE and OpenAIRE for repository-based open-access retrieval.
- Use Google Scholar mainly as a discovery fallback, not as the primary canonical source.
Platform Capability Matrix
This matrix reflects verified live-integration results from functional and end-to-end regression tests in this repository. Columns show the highest capability level observed under normal conditions.
| Platform | Search | Download | Read | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| arXiv | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | Open API; reliable |
| PubMed | ✅ | ❌ | ⚠️ info-only | Open API; reliable |
| bioRxiv | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | Open API; reliable |
| medRxiv | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | Open API; reliable |
| Google Scholar | ⚠️ | ❌ | ❌ | Bot-detection active; set PAPER_SEARCH_MCP_GOOGLE_SCHOLAR_PROXY_URL |
| IACR | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | Open API; reliable |
| Semantic Scholar | ✅ | ✅ (OA) | ✅ (OA) | Works without key (rate-limited); key improves limits; key rejection (403) retried automatically without key |
| Crossref | ✅ | ❌ | ⚠️ info-only | Open API; reliable |
| OpenAlex | ✅ | ❌ | ⚠️ info-only | Open API; reliable |
| PMC | ✅ | ✅ (OA only) | ✅ (OA only) | OA PDFs only; direct download may be blocked by some proxy environments |
| CORE | ✅ | ✅ (record-dependent) | ✅ (record-dependent) | Free key recommended; connector retries with backoff and falls back to key-less on 401/403 |
| Europe PMC | ✅ | ✅ (OA) | ✅ (OA) | OA PDFs only; direct download may be blocked by some proxy environments |
| dblp | ✅ | ❌ | ⚠️ info-only | Open API; reliable |
| OpenAIRE | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ | Open API; retries 3× with escalating request profiles on transient 403 |
| CiteSeerX | ⚠️ | ✅ (record-dependent) | ⚠️ | API endpoint intermittently unavailable / redirects to web archive |
| DOAJ | ✅ | ⚠️ (URL-dependent) | ⚠️ (URL-dependent) | PDF availability varies by article; free key raises rate limits |
| BASE | ⚠️ | ✅ (record-dependent) | ✅ (record-dependent) | OAI-PMH endpoint requires institutional IP registration; returns empty gracefully otherwise |
| Zenodo | ✅ | ✅ (record-dependent) | ✅ (record-dependent) | Open API; reliable |
| HAL | ✅ | ✅ (record-dependent) | ✅ (record-dependent) | Open API; reliable |
| SSRN | ⚠️ | ⚠️ best-effort | ⚠️ best-effort | 403 bot-detection active; public PDF only |
| Unpaywall | ✅ (DOI lookup) | ❌ | ❌ | Requires PAPER_SEARCH_MCP_UNPAYWALL_EMAIL |
| Sci-Hub (optional) | ⚠️ fallback-only | ✅ | ❌ | Optional; unstable mirrors; user responsibility |
| IEEE Xplore 🔑 | 🚧 skeleton | 🚧 skeleton | 🚧 skeleton | Requires PAPER_SEARCH_MCP_IEEE_API_KEY to activate |
| ACM DL 🔑 | 🚧 skeleton | 🚧 skeleton | 🚧 skeleton | Requires PAPER_SEARCH_MCP_ACM_API_KEY to activate |
✅ = reliable in live tests. ⚠️ = works but subject to upstream instability or access restrictions. ❌ = not supported. 🔑 = key required. 🚧 = skeleton only.
Credential & API Key Requirements
All keys are optional unless noted. Configure them in ~/.config/paper-search-mcp/.env (preferred) or as shell exports.
| Environment Variable | Provider | Required? | How to obtain |
|---|---|---|---|
PAPER_SEARCH_MCP_UNPAYWALL_EMAIL |
Unpaywall | Yes (Unpaywall disabled without it) | Any valid email; register at unpaywall.org |
PAPER_SEARCH_MCP_CORE_API_KEY |
CORE | Recommended | Free at core.ac.uk/services/api |
PAPER_SEARCH_MCP_SEMANTIC_SCHOLAR_API_KEY |
Semantic Scholar | Optional | Free at semanticscholar.org — improves rate limits |
PAPER_SEARCH_MCP_GOOGLE_SCHOLAR_PROXY_URL |
Google Scholar | Optional | Your HTTP/HTTPS proxy URL — bypasses bot-detection |
PAPER_SEARCH_MCP_DOAJ_API_KEY |
DOAJ | Optional | Free at doaj.org — raises hourly rate limit |
PAPER_SEARCH_MCP_ZENODO_ACCESS_TOKEN |
Zenodo | Optional | Free at zenodo.org — required for private records |
PAPER_SEARCH_MCP_IEEE_API_KEY |
IEEE Xplore | Required to activate | Free at developer.ieee.org |
PAPER_SEARCH_MCP_ACM_API_KEY |
ACM DL | Required to activate | See libraries.acm.org/digital-library/acm-open |
All variables follow the PAPER_SEARCH_MCP_<NAME> prefix scheme. Legacy names without the prefix (e.g. CORE_API_KEY, UNPAYWALL_EMAIL) are still supported for backward compatibility.
Known Upstream Limitations
Some search failures are caused by external provider instability, not by bugs in this project:
| Source | Symptom | Cause | Workaround |
|---|---|---|---|
| Google Sch |
Frequently Asked Questions
What is paper-search-mcp?
paper-search-mcp is an open-source mcp servers skill for AI coding assistants such as Claude Code, Codex CLI, and ChatGPT, built by openags. MCP, CLI, Skills for searching and downloading academic papers from multiple sources like arXiv, PubMed, bioRxiv, etc. It has 2,105 GitHub stars.
Is paper-search-mcp safe to use?
Yes. paper-search-mcp passed SkillsLLM's automated security scan — a dependency vulnerability audit plus prompt-injection heuristics — with no high-severity issues. You can read the full report in the Security Report section on this page.
How do I install paper-search-mcp?
Clone the repository with "git clone https://github.com/openags/paper-search-mcp" and add it to your Claude Code skills directory (see the Installation section above).
What programming language is paper-search-mcp written in?
paper-search-mcp is primarily written in Python. It is open-source under openags on GitHub, so you can review or fork the full source.
Are there alternatives to paper-search-mcp?
Yes. SkillsLLM lists many other MCP Servers skills you can browse and compare side by side. Open the MCP Servers category from the badge at the top of this page, or use the Related Skills and comparison links further down to weigh paper-search-mcp against similar tools.
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